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We are a nation torn between on one hand wanting our privacy safeguarded and on the other hand wanting to share ourselves openly and often on the Internetâthrough Social Media, e-Commerce, e-mail, and so forth.
These days, we have more information about ourselves available to others than at any time in history. We are information exhibitionistsâessentially an open bookâsharing virtually everything about ourselves to everybody.
Online, we have our personal profile, photos, videos, likes and dislikes, birth date, addresses, email and phone contacts, employer, resume, friends and family connections, banking information, real estate transactions, legal proceedings, tax returns, and more. We have become an open book to the world. In a sense we have become an exhibitionistic nation.
While we continue to friend, blog, tweet, and post our thoughts, feelings, and personal information online, we are shocked and dismayed when there is a violation of our privacy.
How did we get to this pointâhere are some major milestones on privacy (in part from MIT Technology Review–July/August 2009):
1787ââPrivacyâ does not appear in Constitution, but the concept is embedded in protections such as ârestrictions of quartering soldiers in private homes (Third Amendment), prohibition against unreasonable search and seizure (Fourth Amendment), prohibition against forcing a person to be a witness against himself (Fifth Amendment).
1794âTelegraph invented
1876âTelephone invented
1890âBoston Lawyers Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis wrote in Harvard Law Review of âthe right to be let aloneâ and warned that invasive technologies threatened to take âwhat was whispered in the closetâ and have it âproclaimed from the house-tops.â
1914âFederal Trade Commission Act prohibits businesses from engaging in âunfair or deceptive acts or practicesâ; has been extended to require companies to write privacy policies describing what they do with personal information they collect from customers and to honor these policies.
1934âFederal Communications Act limits government wiretapping
1969âARPANet (precursor to Internet) went live
1970âFair Credit Reporting Act regulates collections, dissemination, and use of consumer information, including credit information
1971âFirst e-mail sent.
1973âCode of Fair Information Practices limits secret data banks, requires that organizations ensure they are reliable and protected from unauthorized access, provides for individuals to be able to view their records and correct errors.
1974âPrivacy Act prohibits disclosure of personally identifiable information from federal agency.
1988âVideo Privacy Protection Act protects against disclosure of video rentals and sales.
1996âHealth Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA) protects against disclosures by health care providers.
1999âScott McNealy, CEO of Sun Microsystems states: âYou have zero privacy anyway. Get over it.â
2000âChildrenâs Online Privacy Protection Act prohibits intentional collections of information from children 12 or younger
2001âUSA Patriot Act expands governmentâs power to investigate suspected terrorism acts
2003âDo Not Call Implementation Act limits telemarketing calls
2006âGoogle Docs release for creating and editing docs online
2009âFacebook 4th most popular website in the world
As anyone can see, there is quite a lot of history to protecting privacy. Obviously, we want to be protected. We need to feel secure. We fear our information being misused, exploited, or otherwise getting out of our control.
Yet, as technology progresses, the power of information sharing, collaboration, and online access is endlessly enticing as it is useful, convenient, and entertaining. We love to go online and communicate with people near and far, conduct e-commence for any product near seamlessly, and work more and more productively and creatively.
The dichotomy between privacy and exhibitionism is strong and disturbing. How do we ensure privacy when we insist on openness?
First, let me say that I believe the issue here is greater than the somewhat simplistic answers that are currently out there. Obviously, we must rely on common sense + technology.
From a common sense perspective, we need to personally safeguard truly private informationâsocial security numbers and motherâs maiden name are just the obvious. We need not only be concerned about distinct pieces of information, but information in the aggregate. In other words, individual pieces of information may not be easily exploitable, but when aggregated together with other publically available informationâyou may now be truly exposed.
In terms of technology, we need to invest more time, money, and effort into securing our systems and networks. Unfortunately, businesses are more concerned with quarterly revenue and profit targets than with securing our personal information. We have got to incentivize every business, organization, and government entity to put security and privacy first. Just like we teach our children, âsafety firstâ, we need to change our adult priorities as well or risk serious harm to ourselves and our nation from cyber criminals, terrorisms, and hostile nation states.
But the real issue is, why do we continue to treat technology as if it is more secure and private than it truly is? In a sense, we shut our eyes to the dangers that we know are lurking, and tell ourselves âit only happens to somebody else.â How do we curb our enthusiasm for technological progress with a realism of recognizing the very real dangers that persist?